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Professional Ethics — Guides, Updates & Practical Insights

ICAI Code of Ethics 2026 - independence, confidentiality, professional misconduct and the Schedules to the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949.

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The complete Professional Ethics guide

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PROFESSIONAL ETHICS · COMPLETE GUIDE

Non-Assurance Services Under Section 5600 — the Self-Review Prohibition

Section 5600 requires a firm to determine, before providing non-assurance services to a sustainability assurance client, whether they might create a self-review threat — and paragraph R5600.17 prohibits non-assurance services outright where the client is a public interest entity, because paragraph 5600.16 A2 states that such a threat cannot be eliminated and no safeguard can reduce it.

Updated 11 Sep 20268 min read✓ Reviewed
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Professional Ethics

Communication Requirements Under Section 5600 — Governance Concurrence

The communication requirements in paragraphs R5600.22 to R5600.25 oblige a firm to inform those charged with governance of a public interest entity before providing a non-assurance service to it, its controlling entity or any entity it controls, to obtain their concurrence, and to decline the service or end the assurance engagement where they disagree or where no information can be given.

7 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sustainability Data and Information Services Under Subsection 5601

Subsection 5601 permits sustainability data and information services affecting the assured information only where the client is not a public interest entity and the services are of a routine or mechanical nature — meaning the client has made every necessary judgment and the work requires little or none — and prohibits them outright for a public interest entity.

5 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Administrative Services and Valuations Under Subsections 5602 and 5603

Subsection 5602 treats administrative services as not usually creating a threat where they are clerical and require little to no professional judgment; Subsection 5603 prohibits valuations and advisory services on forward-looking information for a non-public interest entity where they involve significant subjectivity and have a material effect, and for a public interest entity wherever a self-review threat might arise.

6 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Tax Services Under Subsection 5604 — Six Categories and Their Limits

Subsection 5604 deals with six categories of tax services, prohibits any service connected with a tax treatment a significant purpose of which is tax evasion, treats return preparation as not usually creating a threat, and bars tax calculations, advisory, valuations and dispute assistance for a public interest entity wherever a self-review threat might arise.

8 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Internal Audit and IT Systems Services Under Subsections 5605 and 5606

Subsection 5605 permits internal audit services only where the client designates a competent resource reporting to those charged with governance and retains five specified responsibilities; Subsection 5606 applies a parallel four-condition test to IT systems services and lists the arrangements that amount to assuming management responsibility.

7 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Expert Witness and Legal Services Under Subsections 5607 and 5608

Subsection 5607 distinguishes a witness of fact, who creates no threat, from an expert witness, whose advocacy threat is acceptable only on court appointment or in a narrowly defined class action — and prohibits acting as an expert witness for a public interest entity otherwise; Subsection 5608 bars serving as General Counsel and acting in an advocacy role on material matters.

7 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Recruiting Services Under Subsection 5609 and Corporate Finance Under 5610

Subsection 5609 bars recruiting services that involve acting as negotiator on a client's behalf, and bars searching for candidates, taking references, recommending the appointee or advising on terms for a director, officer or influential senior manager; Subsection 5610 bars promoting, dealing in or underwriting the client's securities and advice whose effectiveness depends on a doubted measurement.

6 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Financial Interests Under Section 5510 — Prohibitions and Family Holdings

Paragraph R5510.4 bars direct and material indirect financial interests in a sustainability assurance client from being held by the firm, a network firm, any team member and their immediate family, other leaders in the engagement leader's office, and leaders or managerial employees serving the client — with one exception for financial interests received through employment rights.

8 min read11 Sep 2026
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Professional Ethics

Loans and Guarantees Under Section 5511 — Banks and Other Clients

Section 5511 permits loans and guarantees with a sustainability assurance client that is a bank only where they are made under normal lending procedures, terms and conditions, bars them entirely with a non-bank client unless immaterial to both sides, and requires deposits and brokerage accounts to be on normal commercial terms.

5 min read11 Sep 2026

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